Example 1 - Detailed Solution
For each peak we must construct a mosaic piece which describes it and its connectivity.
There are three peaks in this spectrum. A quick look at the integration line suggests that the left two peaks have the same area (the line rises the same amount) and the right peak is about 50% bigger. This suggests that the left two peaks are two hydrogens each, and the right peak is a methyl.
We will start with the peak at 3.5 δ. Integration indicates the peak is a CH2, so we select a methylene piece by clicking the Methylene button in the NMR Mosaic program. The chemical shift indicates there is an adjacent functional group, so we select the yellow functional group radio button. The peak is a triplet, which means it has 3-1 = 2 hydrogens immediately next door. Select the CH2 radio button in the second column (it doesn't matter which is from the first and second column radio buttons).
The chemical shift (and molecular formula) indicates there is a chlorine atom: so we choose the –X piece, where X represents chloride here.
The peak at 1.8 δ has an integration of two hydrogens, so we make another CH2 piece. The chemical shift indicates no neighboring functional groups. The hextet indicates there are 6-1 = five adjacent hydrogens, so we choose a blue CH2 tab and a green CH3 tab.
The peak at 1.0 has an integration of three, so we make a green methyl piece and choose a blue CH2 tab since the peak is a triplet. The chemical shift indicates no neighboring functional groups.
Here are the four pieces you should have constructed.
Now we fit the pieces together, making sure all the colors match. The molecule is n-propyl chloride.
